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Other Magic Square Sizes: 3 * 5 * 7 * 9 * 11 * 13 * 15 * 17 * 19 *
21 * 23 * 25 * 27 * 29 * 31 * 33 * 35 * 37 * 39 * 41 * 43 * 45 * 47 * 49 * 51 * 53 * 55 * 57 * 59 *
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A 17x17 Magic Square

Scroll down to see a magic square
in which all rows, columns, and both diagonals
add up to the same magic sum (2465)

A Magic Square is a square of numbers in which every row, every column, and both diagonals add up to the same number. This number is often called the magic sum. The 17 by 17 magic square shown below has a magic sum equal to 2465.

Though magic squares can be made with non-consecutive and non-regular sequences, they are usually seen made up of consecutive numbers. To the best of my knowledge, the middle number in the sequence must be in the center square, and the magic sum will be equal to this middle number times the number of rows in the square. (In the case of 3x3 squares, I have proved that the middle number MUST be equal to one-third of the sum. See proof here.)

All odd-size Magic Squares can be made with the method shown below, which can be summarized as "start in the middle of the top and keep moving up and to the right except when you get blocked, in which case drop down and continue." The more detailed directions about creating these squares can be found further below. There are other methods for creating magic squares, but this is the easiest to learn. (There are basically only two methods of creating a 3x3 square but the larger squares have a large number of irregular variants, and probably other regular methods.)

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A 17-by-17 Magic Square

(Magic Sum = 2465)

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155 174 193 212 231 250 269 288 1 20 39 58 77 96 115 134 153
173 192 211 230 249 268 287 17 19 38 57 76 95 114 133 152 154
191 210 229 248 267 286 16 18 37 56 75 94 113 132 151 170 172
209 228 247 266 285 15 34 36 55 74 93 112 131 150 169 171 190
227 246 265 284 14 33 35 54 73 92 111 130 149 168 187 189 208
245 264 283 13 32 51 53 72 91 110 129 148 167 186 188 207 226
263 282 12 31 50 52 71 90 109 128 147 166 185 204 206 225 244
281 11 30 49 68 70 89 108 127 146 165 184 203 205 224 243 262
10 29 48 67 69 88 107 126 145 164 183 202 221 223 242 261 280
28 47 66 85 87 106 125 144 163 182 201 220 222 241 260 279 9
46 65 84 86 105 124 143 162 181 200 219 238 240 259 278 8 27
64 83 102 104 123 142 161 180 199 218 237 239 258 277 7 26 45
82 101 103 122 141 160 179 198 217 236 255 257 276 6 25 44 63
100 119 121 140 159 178 197 216 235 254 256 275 5 24 43 62 81
118 120 139 158 177 196 215 234 253 272 274 4 23 42 61 80 99
136 138 157 176 195 214 233 252 271 273 3 22 41 60 79 98 117
137 156 175 194 213 232 251 270 289 2 21 40 59 78 97 116 135



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How to Make Your Own Odd-Size Magic Square

  1. Draw a square with any odd number of rows and columns.
  2. Put your first number in the MIDDLE square of the TOP row.
  3. Move UP and to the RIGHT to find the position for your next number, but ...
    • if the next "position" is ABOVE a column, go to BOTTOM of that column (you can see a sample of this movement by looking at how we moved from 1 to 2 in the square above).
    • if the next "position" is to the RIGHT of a row, go to LEFT of that row (you can see this movement between (9) and (10) above).
    • if the next cell is already filled in, drop down to the cell below the number you just filled in for the next number (you can see this when you look at how we moved from 17 to the next number above).
    • if the next cell is both ABOVE and to the RIGHT of the entire square, drop down to the cell below the number you just filled in for your next number (you can see this if you look at (153) and the next number).
  4. Print your NEXT number into the new square you just moved to.
  5. Repeat steps 3-4 until the entire square is full.
  6. You can see how it works by printing this page and drawing arrows to see how it worked when I created this magic square

This Magic Square was created by John Knoderer, a webmaster and computer programmer who is available to telecommute to your location.

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