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Other Magic Square Sizes: 3 * 5 * 7 * 9 * 11 * 13 * 15 * 17 * 19 *
21 * 23 * 25 * 27 * 29 * 31 * 33 * 35 * 37 * 39 * 41 * 43 * 45 * 47 * 49 * 51 * 53 * 55 * 57 * 59 *
61 * 63 * 65 * 67 * 69 * 71 * 73 * 75 * 77 * 79 * 81 * 83 * 85 * 87 * 89 * 91 * 93 * 95 * 97 * 99 *

A 29x29 Magic Square

Scroll down to see a magic square
in which all rows, columns, and both diagonals
add up to the same magic sum (12209)

A Magic Square is a square of numbers in which every row, every column, and both diagonals add up to the same number. This number is often called the magic sum. The 29 by 29 magic square shown below has a magic sum equal to 12209.

Though magic squares can be made with non-consecutive and non-regular sequences, they are usually seen made up of consecutive numbers. To the best of my knowledge, the middle number in the sequence must be in the center square, and the magic sum will be equal to this middle number times the number of rows in the square. (In the case of 3x3 squares, I have proved that the middle number MUST be equal to one-third of the sum. See proof here.)

All odd-size Magic Squares can be made with the method shown below, which can be summarized as "start in the middle of the top and keep moving up and to the right except when you get blocked, in which case drop down and continue." The more detailed directions about creating these squares can be found further below. There are other methods for creating magic squares, but this is the easiest to learn. (There are basically only two methods of creating a 3x3 square but the larger squares have a large number of irregular variants, and probably other regular methods.)

Read more about Magic Squares

If you'd like to read more about magic squares, click one of these links to look for books about Magic Squares at Amazon.com, at Amazon.canada, and at Amazon.co.UK.

A 29-by-29 Magic Square

(Magic Sum = 12209)

Books about
Magic Squares
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437 468 499 530 561 592 623 654 685 716 747 778 809 840 1 32 63 94 125 156 187 218 249 280 311 342 373 404 435
467 498 529 560 591 622 653 684 715 746 777 808 839 29 31 62 93 124 155 186 217 248 279 310 341 372 403 434 436
497 528 559 590 621 652 683 714 745 776 807 838 28 30 61 92 123 154 185 216 247 278 309 340 371 402 433 464 466
527 558 589 620 651 682 713 744 775 806 837 27 58 60 91 122 153 184 215 246 277 308 339 370 401 432 463 465 496
557 588 619 650 681 712 743 774 805 836 26 57 59 90 121 152 183 214 245 276 307 338 369 400 431 462 493 495 526
587 618 649 680 711 742 773 804 835 25 56 87 89 120 151 182 213 244 275 306 337 368 399 430 461 492 494 525 556
617 648 679 710 741 772 803 834 24 55 86 88 119 150 181 212 243 274 305 336 367 398 429 460 491 522 524 555 586
647 678 709 740 771 802 833 23 54 85 116 118 149 180 211 242 273 304 335 366 397 428 459 490 521 523 554 585 616
677 708 739 770 801 832 22 53 84 115 117 148 179 210 241 272 303 334 365 396 427 458 489 520 551 553 584 615 646
707 738 769 800 831 21 52 83 114 145 147 178 209 240 271 302 333 364 395 426 457 488 519 550 552 583 614 645 676
737 768 799 830 20 51 82 113 144 146 177 208 239 270 301 332 363 394 425 456 487 518 549 580 582 613 644 675 706
767 798 829 19 50 81 112 143 174 176 207 238 269 300 331 362 393 424 455 486 517 548 579 581 612 643 674 705 736
797 828 18 49 80 111 142 173 175 206 237 268 299 330 361 392 423 454 485 516 547 578 609 611 642 673 704 735 766
827 17 48 79 110 141 172 203 205 236 267 298 329 360 391 422 453 484 515 546 577 608 610 641 672 703 734 765 796
16 47 78 109 140 171 202 204 235 266 297 328 359 390 421 452 483 514 545 576 607 638 640 671 702 733 764 795 826
46 77 108 139 170 201 232 234 265 296 327 358 389 420 451 482 513 544 575 606 637 639 670 701 732 763 794 825 15
76 107 138 169 200 231 233 264 295 326 357 388 419 450 481 512 543 574 605 636 667 669 700 731 762 793 824 14 45
106 137 168 199 230 261 263 294 325 356 387 418 449 480 511 542 573 604 635 666 668 699 730 761 792 823 13 44 75
136 167 198 229 260 262 293 324 355 386 417 448 479 510 541 572 603 634 665 696 698 729 760 791 822 12 43 74 105
166 197 228 259 290 292 323 354 385 416 447 478 509 540 571 602 633 664 695 697 728 759 790 821 11 42 73 104 135
196 227 258 289 291 322 353 384 415 446 477 508 539 570 601 632 663 694 725 727 758 789 820 10 41 72 103 134 165
226 257 288 319 321 352 383 414 445 476 507 538 569 600 631 662 693 724 726 757 788 819 9 40 71 102 133 164 195
256 287 318 320 351 382 413 444 475 506 537 568 599 630 661 692 723 754 756 787 818 8 39 70 101 132 163 194 225
286 317 348 350 381 412 443 474 505 536 567 598 629 660 691 722 753 755 786 817 7 38 69 100 131 162 193 224 255
316 347 349 380 411 442 473 504 535 566 597 628 659 690 721 752 783 785 816 6 37 68 99 130 161 192 223 254 285
346 377 379 410 441 472 503 534 565 596 627 658 689 720 751 782 784 815 5 36 67 98 129 160 191 222 253 284 315
376 378 409 440 471 502 533 564 595 626 657 688 719 750 781 812 814 4 35 66 97 128 159 190 221 252 283 314 345
406 408 439 470 501 532 563 594 625 656 687 718 749 780 811 813 3 34 65 96 127 158 189 220 251 282 313 344 375
407 438 469 500 531 562 593 624 655 686 717 748 779 810 841 2 33 64 95 126 157 188 219 250 281 312 343 374 405



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How to Make Your Own Odd-Size Magic Square

  1. Draw a square with any odd number of rows and columns.
  2. Put your first number in the MIDDLE square of the TOP row.
  3. Move UP and to the RIGHT to find the position for your next number, but ...
    • if the next "position" is ABOVE a column, go to BOTTOM of that column (you can see a sample of this movement by looking at how we moved from 1 to 2 in the square above).
    • if the next "position" is to the RIGHT of a row, go to LEFT of that row (you can see this movement between (15) and (16) above).
    • if the next cell is already filled in, drop down to the cell below the number you just filled in for the next number (you can see this when you look at how we moved from 29 to the next number above).
    • if the next cell is both ABOVE and to the RIGHT of the entire square, drop down to the cell below the number you just filled in for your next number (you can see this if you look at (435) and the next number).
  4. Print your NEXT number into the new square you just moved to.
  5. Repeat steps 3-4 until the entire square is full.
  6. You can see how it works by printing this page and drawing arrows to see how it worked when I created this magic square

This Magic Square was created by John Knoderer, a webmaster and computer programmer who is available to telecommute to your location.

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You can find more of John's puzzling materials at www.MAZES.com and at www.GodLovesEveryone.org. You can reach John at Webmaster (at) Mazes.com.

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