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Other Magic Square Sizes: 3 * 5 * 7 * 9 * 11 * 13 * 15 * 17 * 19 *
21 * 23 * 25 * 27 * 29 * 31 * 33 * 35 * 37 * 39 * 41 * 43 * 45 * 47 * 49 * 51 * 53 * 55 * 57 * 59 *
61 * 63 * 65 * 67 * 69 * 71 * 73 * 75 * 77 * 79 * 81 * 83 * 85 * 87 * 89 * 91 * 93 * 95 * 97 * 99 *

A 65x65 Magic Square

Scroll down to see a magic square
in which all rows, columns, and both diagonals
add up to the same magic sum (137345)

A Magic Square is a square of numbers in which every row, every column, and both diagonals add up to the same number. This number is often called the magic sum. The 65 by 65 magic square shown below has a magic sum equal to 137345.

Though magic squares can be made with non-consecutive and non-regular sequences, they are usually seen made up of consecutive numbers. To the best of my knowledge, the middle number in the sequence must be in the center square, and the magic sum will be equal to this middle number times the number of rows in the square. (In the case of 3x3 squares, I have proved that the middle number MUST be equal to one-third of the sum. See proof here.)

All odd-size Magic Squares can be made with the method shown below, which can be summarized as "start in the middle of the top and keep moving up and to the right except when you get blocked, in which case drop down and continue." The more detailed directions about creating these squares can be found further below. There are other methods for creating magic squares, but this is the easiest to learn. (There are basically only two methods of creating a 3x3 square but the larger squares have a large number of irregular variants, and probably other regular methods.)

Read more about Magic Squares

If you'd like to read more about magic squares, click one of these links to look for books about Magic Squares at Amazon.com, at Amazon.canada, and at Amazon.co.UK.

A 65-by-65 Magic Square

(Magic Sum = 137345)

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Magic Squares
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2080 2082 2149 2216 2283 2350 2417 2484 2551 2618 2685 2752 2819 2886 2953 3020 3087 3154 3221 3288 3355 3422 3489 3556 3623 3690 3757 3824 3891 3958 4025 4092 4159 4161 3 70 137 204 271 338 405 472 539 606 673 740 807 874 941 1008 1075 1142 1209 1276 1343 1410 1477 1544 1611 1678 1745 1812 1879 1946 2013
2081 2148 2215 2282 2349 2416 2483 2550 2617 2684 2751 2818 2885 2952 3019 3086 3153 3220 3287 3354 3421 3488 3555 3622 3689 3756 3823 3890 3957 4024 4091 4158 4225 2 69 136 203 270 337 404 471 538 605 672 739 806 873 940 1007 1074 1141 1208 1275 1342 1409 1476 1543 1610 1677 1744 1811 1878 1945 2012 2079



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How to Make Your Own Odd-Size Magic Square

  1. Draw a square with any odd number of rows and columns.
  2. Put your first number in the MIDDLE square of the TOP row.
  3. Move UP and to the RIGHT to find the position for your next number, but ...
    • if the next "position" is ABOVE a column, go to BOTTOM of that column (you can see a sample of this movement by looking at how we moved from 1 to 2 in the square above).
    • if the next "position" is to the RIGHT of a row, go to LEFT of that row (you can see this movement between (33) and (34) above).
    • if the next cell is already filled in, drop down to the cell below the number you just filled in for the next number (you can see this when you look at how we moved from 65 to the next number above).
    • if the next cell is both ABOVE and to the RIGHT of the entire square, drop down to the cell below the number you just filled in for your next number (you can see this if you look at (2145) and the next number).
  4. Print your NEXT number into the new square you just moved to.
  5. Repeat steps 3-4 until the entire square is full.
  6. You can see how it works by printing this page and drawing arrows to see how it worked when I created this magic square

This Magic Square was created by John Knoderer, a webmaster and computer programmer who is available to telecommute to your location.

If you found this page useful, and especially if you printed this page to distribute to students, we invite you to send a suitable donation to John (address below) or PayPal your donation to Donations (at) Mazes.com.

You can find more of John's puzzling materials at www.MAZES.com and at www.GodLovesEveryone.org. You can reach John at Webmaster (at) Mazes.com.

Fine Print: If you print and duplicate these magic squares for classroom use or other multiple copy use, please send a payment of $(however much you think this is worth) to the author. John puts a GREAT DEAL of time into creating and posting materials to the internet for you to use (and enjoy). Your donations will help pay bills and keep new materials coming your way.

Send your donations to:

John Knoderer
www.MAZES.com
P O Box 235
Sulphur Springs, AR 72768 USA

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E-mail the webmaster: webmaster (at) mazes.com

The contents of this page are copyright 2005 by the author. However, we recognize that teachers may wish to download and use our materials with their students. We give that permission, as long as the teacher sends what they believe to be a fair donation to the author each time the material is used.

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